Foreign/International Policy

For a listing of Acts & Policies, Economic, Petroleum, and Revenue Reports and National Budget, visit Ghana’s MoF. See also 2026 Budget Statement and Economic Policy. 

Ghana and China established diplomatic relations in 1960. China has since become an important development and trade partner, with Chinese enterprises operating across several regions of Ghana.

Key areas of engagement:

· Investment: Chinese foreign direct investment is concentrated in construction, followed by manufacturing and general trade.

· Development cooperation: The partnership also includes development assistance, commercial partnerships, and Chinese entrepreneurship in Ghana.

· Trade: China is Ghana’s second-largest trading partner.

· Regional presence: Accra hosts the fourth office of the China-Africa Development Fund, supporting activities across West Africa.

India and Ghana established ties before Ghana gained independence. India opened a consulate in Accra in 1953 and established full diplomatic relations soon after Ghana achieved independence in 1957.

Shared foundations:

· Common experience: Both countries emerged from British colonial rule.

· Leadership ties: Ghana’s first Prime Minister, Kwame Nkrumah, and India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, developed a strong personal friendship.

International cooperation: Ghana and India were founding members of the Non-alignment movement.

Ghana and the United Arab Emirates formalized diplomatic relations through the opening of the UAE Embassy in Accra in April 2017 and the Ghana Embassy in Abu Dhabi in 2018. The relationship has since expanded through high-level visits, agreements, and cooperation in trade, law, and development.

· Formal cooperation: The two countries have four agreements and memorandums of understanding covering areas of mutual interest.

Technology and innovation: A major 2025 agreement provides for a technology and innovation hub intended to accelerate Ghana’s digital transformation and strengthen its position in artificial intelligence and emerging technologies. 

The European Union and Ghana have maintained an active partnership since the 1950s. The EU Delegation represents the Union’s interests in Ghana, and nine EU member states maintain resident ambassadors.

Key areas of cooperation:

· Trade: The EU is Ghana’s largest trading partner.

· Security: Ghana became the first African country to formalize a Security and Defense Partnership with the EU.

· Investment: Cooperation focuses on manufacturing, Agro-processing, critical minerals, digital transformation, and renewable energy.

· Development funding: Under the Joint Programming Document 2021–2027, the EU committed €339 million through NDICI–Global Europe, with additional support provided through regional and thematic programs.

Program priorities:

· Green growth, smart cities, and good governance

· Climate resilience, reforestation, and land management

· Youth development, entrepreneurship, education, and labor mobility